All posts by bsnyder13

Lesson 70

My Favorite Movie

My favorite movie is The Super Mario Bros. Movie. One reason is major because I like playing Mario games and I’ve been waiting for a Mario themed movie to come out. Another reason is because there are different hidden “Easter eggs” in the movie and funny moments that made me laugh. I also like how good the quality of the graphics and they used songs from the actual Mario games.

Lesson 59

Health Benefits Of  Table and Sea Salt

Sea salt has a lot of health benefits because it contains important minerals like magnesium, calcium, and potassium, which help our bodies stay balanced. These minerals can support things like muscle function, bone health, and keeping our blood pressure stable. Sea salt also helps our body stay hydrated by balancing the amount of water inside and outside our cells. It can help your stomach produce the right amount of acid to break down food.

On the other hand, table salt lacks valuable nutrition compared to sea salt. It comes from salt mines and, unlike sea salt, it is processed to get rid of minerals. Iodine, a nutrient that helps maintain a healthy thyroid, is added to table salt. It also contains an additive to prevent clumping. 

It is recommended to consume salt in moderation due to its high sodium content. It could cause high blood pressure in people because it holds extra fluid in the body. Other ways you can flavor food is by using many types of herbs and spices.

Lesson 65

The Best Time I Had With My Grandparents

The best time I had with my grandparents was with my grandparents on my dad’s side. It has been a few years since they came to visit our house. They would color, draw, and craft things with my siblings and me. We baked scones and made a fruit smoothie. We played hide and seek, I hid toys around the house, and we would go and try to find them. I was so happy to have them stay at our house for a few days and I hope to see them again.

Lesson 58

Part 2: Two Types Of Plant Diseases

Tomato blight is a plant disease that affects tomato plants. It can be caused by two types of germs called fungus or bacteria. These germs make the plant sick and can cause big problems if not stopped. The leaves of the tomato plant start to get brown or black spots. The disease doesn’t just stay on the leaves it can also make spots on the tomatoes, turning them mushy and brown. If the disease keeps spreading, it can make the whole plant wilt and die.

Rust is a type of disease that significantly affects plants. It’s caused by tiny fungi ,a kind of mold, that spreads on plants, usually on the leaves. When a plant gets rust, you’ll see little spots or patches on the leaves that look like rusty red or orange powder. These spots can make the plant weak, and sometimes it can even make the leaves fall off. Plants get rust in warm, wet conditions, and it can spread quickly if it’s not treated immediately. Sometimes gardeners use special sprays to fight rust or remove the infected leaves to protect the plant.

Lesson 57

Part 1: Two Plant Diseases

Powdery mildew is a fungal disease caused by different species of fungi, mostly caused by Erysiphe and Sphaerotheca. It affects plants like cucumbers, roses, grapes, and many other garden plants. The fungus thrives in warm, dry conditions and spreads quickly, especially when plants are overcrowded or improperly watered. A major symptom is white, powdery fungal growth on the leaves, stems, and buds. Other problems that occur also include yellowing or browning of the plant tissue, premature leaf drop, which reduces plant vigor, and stunting the plant’s growth.  

Bacterial wilt, a type of plant bacterial disease, is caused by the Bacterium Ralstonia Solanacearum, that infects a wide range of plants, including tomatoes, peppers, and potatoes. The bacterium is soil-borne and enters the plant through the roots, causing blockages in the vascular system. Some symptoms are sudden yellowing and wilting leaves, due to not enough soil moisture. Brown discoloration in the vascular tissues can occur when the stem is cut. All these symptoms can cause the plant to eventually die.

Lesson 65 Essay

The Odyssey

The Odyssey is an ancient epic tale about Odysseus, a Greek hero, trying to return to Ithaca after the Trojan War. Epic is a narrative, poem, or song. He faced many different creatures such as the Cyclops and the Sirens. Cyclops is a member of a race of one-eyed giants and Sirens were birds with the heads of women, whose songs were so beautiful that none could resist. Odysseus found dangers such as Scylla, Charybdis, and the wrath of the gods due to his men’s disobedience. Scylla is a legendary, human-eating monster who lives on one side of a narrow body of water on the opposite side with her partner, Charybdis. Charybdis is a giant whirlpool located beneath a fig tree on the opposite shore from her partner, Scylla. Odysseus finally reunites with his wife Penelope, murdering suitors with his son Telemachus. The epic concludes with Odysseus ending his journey.

Lesson 60 Essay

History Of Israel

Israel’s ancient history goes back to Abraham, the father of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. Descendants, who were enslaved by Egyptians, settled in Canaan. King David and King Solomon built the first holy temple in ancient Jerusalem. The region split into Israel and Judah around 931 B.C., with the Assyrians and Babylonians destroying Israel in 722 BC, and that was the start of the fall of Israel. In the ninth year of Hoshea, the king of Assyria captured Samaria and exiled the Israelites to Halah, the Harbor, the river of Gozan, and the cities of the Medes. The Israelites had sinned against God, who had brought them up from Egypt and feared other gods. They built high places in their towns, set up pillars and Asherim, and made offerings on them. They also served idols, which the Lord had warned them not to do. Even though the Lord warned them, the Israelites remained stubborn and disobeyed. They abandoned the commandments of God, made metal images of two calves, worshiped the host of heaven, and served Baal. They burned their sons and daughters as offerings, used divination and omens, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of God. God rejected all descendants of Israel and casted them out of his sight. 

During World War I, the Balfour Declaration supported a Jewish homeland in Palestine, leading to the British invading it. The League of Nations approved the declaration in 1922, but the Arab Palestinians were opposed to it. Israel gained independence in 1947 after the British ruled. Tension between Jews and Arab Muslims have existed since ancient times, with Jerusalem being a sacred city for both religions. The Zionist Movement aimed to settle in a Jewish homeland in Palestine, attracting Jewish immigrants. The United Nations approved a plan to divide Palestine in 1947, leading to Israel being very independent in 1948.

Lesson 60

Summary Of The Cat Of Bubastes

The Cat of Bubastes is a historical adventure book by G.A. Henty, set in ancient Egypt around 1250 BC during the reign of Pharaoh Rameses II. The story is about a young Egyptian priest named Amuba, the son of a family, who is caught up in a series of events. Amuba’s life changes when he is captured by the Hyksos, an invader, and taken as a slave to their camp. While in captivity, Amuba befriends a cat, which is sacred to the Egyptians, and its fate becomes the plot. The cat is identified as the sacred animal of the Egyptian goddess named Bastet, and Amuba and his friends must protect the cat. After Amuba escapes from the Hyksos, Amuba and his companions are forced to navigate through treacherous situations involving political integration, religious conflicts, and violent enemies. Amuba eventually returns to Egypt, where he must confront the forces threatening his homeland and protect the sacred cat. 

Throughout the book, loyalty, bravery, and respect for the ancient Egyptian religion are shown. The story also shows the religious significance of animals in ancient Egyptian culture, mostly the position of cats. The Cat of Bubastes combines historical details with fictional adventure, providing readers with both an exciting plot and a window into the customs and beliefs of ancient Egypt. 

I really enjoyed this story. There are many reasons why I like this book. I like adventure and battle. I am learning about ancient Egypt. My final reason is because I like animals too.

Lesson 53

Influenza Virus Summary

Influenza, also known as the flu, is an infection affecting the nose, throat, and lungs. It can also cause stomach flu which causes digestive issues. Flu viruses spread during flu seasons in the Northern and Southern hemispheres, occurring between October and May in North America. Flu symptoms like sore throat and congestion are similar to a cold, but a flu is sudden within days of exposure, resulting in a worse illness than a cold. Some other symptoms are fever, cough, headache, muscle ache, feeling very tired, sweating, and chills.U.S. public health officials and media annually promote flu vaccines to the entire population. Studies reveal that influenza vaccination often fails to prevent the illness leading to doubts about its benefits. Various factors, including recipient characteristics and vaccine quality, can reduce vaccine effectiveness. Continual flu vaccination might even lower protection levels and increase openness to different influenza strains and severe respiratory infections.  The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) is promoting flu vaccinations as a matter of life and death. However, flu vaccination rates are low in the U.S. due to questions about effectiveness. Many peer-reviewed scientific studies have shown that the flu vaccine is not effective at reducing the flu or reducing flu-related deaths.

Lesson 47

Cocoa Fermentation Process

  1. Harvesting: They first remove the pods very carefully to avoid damaging the flower cushion. After, they start to inspect the cocoa bean to make sure it isn’t damaged and is ready to be cleaned. 
  1. Fermentation: Chocolate flavor development has two stages: proper fermentation of wet cocoa beans on the farm by the grower, followed by roasting by the processor in the factory. Both stages are needed for creating high-quality chocolate flavor. In this process the pulp drains away between 36 and 72 hours.
  1. Drying: After the cocoa beans are fermented, they are reduced between 5.5% to 7.5% moisture, and dried on bamboo mats or concrete platforms. The drying process is different depending on weather conditions.
  1. Roasting: Roasting cocoa beans is also different by company and country, with flavor influencing bean type, blend, and equipment. It is very important you get the correct roast level.
  1. Winnowing: The process of winnowing, cracking, fanning, and hulling involves the clean separation of the shell and meat of a bean. The clean separation process is driven by economics and government law
  1.  Nibs Grinding: Nibs grinding has advanced in the later 20th century including using liquor mills. Before, nibs were mixed with sugar and processed in a melangeur. The material produced rangers to a paste to a fluid.
  1. Alkalization: The optional alkalizing process, also known as the Dutch processing, changes the flavor and color of chocolate liquor and cocoa powders. Cocoa material is mixed with alkaline compounds like potassium carbonate or calcium carbonate at high temperatures and pressures, which make the different colors.
  1. Liquor Pressing: Hot cocoa liquor is pressed at high temperatures in a hydraulic press to form cocoa cake, which is processed for specific particle sizes.Cocoa butter is an expensive ingredient in chocolate recipes extracted from cocoa liquor. Dark brown color can mean issues like poor handling during processing and storage, requiring more testing.
  1. Cocoa Grinding:Before cocoa cake grinding can start, it goes through cooling steps. The industry uses hammer and disc mills with a classifier to improve grinding efficiency. Cocoa powder also requires a controlled cooling process where it’s held at specific temperatures to allow cocoa butter to form stable crystals. Storing the powder correctly is crucial for keeping its color, softness, and flowability.
  1. Cocoa liquor, cocoa butter, and sugar are key ingredients for making different types of chocolate. Chocolate manufacturing involves four main stages: batching, particle reduction, conching, and standardization. Batching is combining ingredients according to a recipe. Particle reduction creates a smooth texture. Conching is the process to understand flavor changes. Standardization adjusts chocolate with fats and emulsifiers, and includes adding volatile flavorings.