I learned about two inventions this week, the jacquard loom and morphine. I also reviewed inventions and worldview, as well as inventions and patterns. First, I learned about morphine. Morphine comes from purifying opium. It replaced opium during the Civil War. Second, I learned about the jacquard loom. It automatically produces complex woven patterns. Jacquard’s punch card spread to other industries. Third, I learned about inventions and worldview. The compass had different effects in different cultures and their worldview commands usage. Worldview has five parts: God, Man, Ethics, Judgment, Time. Last, I learned about inventions and patterns. John Napier developed a critical mental image and Jose Phriestley investigated beer vats. Edward Jenner noticed that milkmaids don’t get smallpox. 

I learned about four inventions this week and they are the smallpox vaccine, the voltaic pile, the arc light, and Dalton’s Theory. First, I learned about the smallpox vaccine. Vaccine is a cure for disease and comes from cowpox virus. Jenner conducted numerous trials to convince the royal society. Second, I learned about the voltaic pile. The voltaic pile was the first electric battery. Batteries have a (+) and (–) terminals and electrons flow from (–) to (+). Third, I learned about arc light. The arc light is a lamp that produces a bright light generating an electric arc around two electrodes. The arc light replaced gas lighting and increased competition. Last, I learned about Dalton’s Theory. His first theory was that all matter is made of atoms. The second theory was that atoms with the same element are the same. His third theory was that compounds are combinations. Dalton’s theory has been changed over time. 

I learned about three inventions and one inventor. The inventions are the semaphore telegraph, the cotton gin, and the hydraulic press. The inventor’s name is Eli Whitney. First, I learned about the semaphore telegraph. The semaphore telegraph relayed messages and were coded into symbols. The idea was transformed into an electric telegraph. Second, I learned about the cotton gin. The cotton gin separates seeds from the cotton. Cotton prices dropped and it ensured the civil war. Third, I learned about Eli Whitney. He was born in 1765 in Massachusetts. Whitney invented many things such as the cotton gin. He popularized interchangeable parts in 1798. Last, I learned about  the hydraulic press. It’s used to crush things. The press helped turn soybeans into a major American food crop.  

I learned about three inventions and one inventor this week. The inventions are the steamboat, the argand lamp, and the power loom. The inventor’s name is Robert Fulton. First, I learned about the steamboat. Steamboats are boats with the steam engine attached to it. They increased travel speed and they could sail upstream. Second, I learned about Robert Fulton. Fulton was born in 1765 and moved to Europe in 1788. He built many inventions such as the steamboat and submarines. Third, I learned about the argand lamp. The argand lamp is brighter than candles. The glass tube makes the fire steady. It helped create the whale oil industry. Last, I learned about the power loom. The power loom twists fabric using the steam engine and increases output by 3.5 times per work. The power loom produced paying jobs for unskilled workers. 

I learned about two inventions and two inventors this week. The inventions are gas lighting and the screw cutting lathe. The inventors’ names are Benjamin Thompson and William Murdoch. First, I learned about Benjamin Thompson. He was born in Massachusetts and experimented with heat. He also experimented with cannons and gunpowder. He improved chimneys, fireplaces, and Ruford’s soup. Second, I learned about gas lighting. Gas lights provide illumination all night. Worker output increased as production rates rose. Third, I learned about William Murdoch. He was born in 1754 and worked for James Watt. Murdoch invented many things such as gas lighting and also improved the Watt’s steam engine. Last, I learned about screw cutting lathe. The new machine tool cuts screws with high precision. The division of labor made screws cheaper.

I learned about three inventions and one inventor this week. The inventions are the lightning rod, the glass harmonica, and the swivel chair. The inventor’s name is Benjamin Franklin. First, I learned about the lightning rod. Lightning rods are metal spikes placed on buildings. The lightning rod became the leader of the ruling of terror (1793-1794) during the French Revolution. Second, I learned about Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was born in Boston in 1706 and he loved to learn. Franklin invented many inventions such as the Franklin stove, lightning rod, and the glass harmonica, and he signed the Declaration of Independence. Third, I learned about the glass harmonica. Franklin’s instrument produced a sweet sound and it sat to the side and spun using a foot pedal. A popular movie theme used the glass harmonica in 1982. Last, I learned about the swivel chair. Swivel chairs rotate on an axis in circles. They are standard modern office furniture.  

I learned about four inventions this week. The four inventions are the parachute, selective breeding, the electrolysis, and the threshing machine. First, I learned about the parachute. Parachutes slow down your descent to the ground and have saved hundreds of lives. They made North Pole weather monitoring possible. Second, I learned about selective breeding. Selective breeding produces desirable traits and the breeder must determine what trait to highlight. It made the eating habits of people change. Third, I learned about electrolysis. Electrolysis breaks compounds into elements. It revealed a lot of the periodic table and it’s used in many manufacturing processes. Last, I learned about the threshing machine. It reduced the labor required to harvest wheat grains. The threshing machine directly contributed to the British agricultural revolution. 

I learned about three inventions and one inventor this week. The inventions are soda water, the weight scale, and the boring machine. The inventor’s name is Joseph Preistly. First, I learned about soda water. Soda water is water infused with CO2. It became the most popular with the British in the 1850s. Second, I learned about Joseph Priestley. He was born in England in 1733. He invented a new method of producing CO2 gas and he identified the process of photosynthesis. Third, I learned about the weight scale. The weight scale measures weight and allows you to read weight immediately. It is used in medicine, chemistry, food, and industries. Last, I learned about the boring machine. Boring machines make holes in solid metal. The boring machine made Watt’s engine possible.

I learned about two inventions and two inventors this week. The inventions are the lead chamber process and the spinning jenny. The inventor’s names are Richard Akrwright and James Watt. First, I learned about the lead chamber process. The lead chamber process increased production capability. Gay improved the process in the mid 1800s. John Roebuck used his wealth to invest in iron production. Second, I learned about the spinning jenny. It spun threads at once in 1764, then improved to over 100 by 1784. It helped contribute to the foundation of the industrial revolution. Third, I learned about Richard Akrwright. He was born in 1732. He was the father of the industrial revolution. He invented the water frame in 1768 and invented a new carding machine in 1775. Last, I learned about James Watt. He was born in 1736 in Scotland. He learned how to make instruments and opened his own business. He developed his condenser in 1763 and improved the steam engine’s effects. In 1780, he invented a new way of copying documents.   

I learned about three inventions and one inventor. The inventions are the flying shuttle, the marine chronometer, and the leyden jar. The inventor’s name is Anders Celsuis. First, I learned about the flying shuttle. The flying shuttle unleashed fabric production capability and sped up fabric production. John Kay invented the flying shuttle. He went into the textile business for himself. Second, I learned about the marine chronometer. The marine chronometer is immune to temperature pressure. John Arnold built the flying shuttle. Without the chronometer there would be no British empire. Third, I learned about Anders Celsuis. He was born in 1701. He participated in the expeditions to determine the Earth’s shape. His temperature scale became the world’s standard in the 1950s. Last, I learned about the leyden jar. The leyden jar is a battery that stores charge. The leyden jar was the main source of electricity before generators.